Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/16798
  Electricity Prices, Technology, Productivity, And Environmental Degradation: Implications For Financial Stability

  Çakir, Mehmet Ali; Ökte, Mehmet Kutlughan Savas

  The limited availability of fossil fuels and the financial pressure they create for countries that do not have the resources have led countries to search for new energy sources. In particular, renewable energy sources and therefore electrical energy obtained from these sources have been proposed in the literature as an alternative to fossil fuels. Thus, this study investigates the impact of electricity prices on financial stability in European Union countries from 2010 to 2021 using Driscoll Kraay fixed effects estimation. Financial stability is measured using the bank z-score, while productivity-intensive technology, environmental quality, and economic growth are included as control variables. The findings indicate that an increase in electricity prices negatively affects the bank z-score. In contrast, productivity-intensive technology positively impacts the bank z-score. Similarly, environmental quality contributes to an increase in the bank z-score. Additionally, economic growth enhances financial stability. Considering that rising electricity prices negatively affect financial stability, policymakers should encourage companies to produce electricity from renewable sources, such as solar panels or wind turbines. This can be supported through incentives such as tax breaks or low-cost financing for firms investing in on-site renewable energy systems. In this way, electricity price fluctuations will have less impact on companies and, in turn, help protect financial stability.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2023/r/gumushane/16492
  Technological Convergence in Emerging Economies: An Investigation with Unit Root Tests

  Zuhal, Mustafa

  Technological developments play an important role in economic growth and development and form the basis in the convergence of socioeconomic factors between developed and developing countries, especially income. At the same time, developing countries aim to catch up with the leading countries by improving their technological capabilities, and examining the technological convergence between countries, especially developing countries, is essential at this stage. This study aims to examine whether technological convergence occurs in 10 emerging economies. For this purpose, the study analyzes technological convergence over the variables of number of patents, labor productivity, and total factor productivity using Pesaran's (2007) cross-sectionally augmented Dickey-Fuller (CADF) and seemingly unrelated regression augmented Dickey-Fuller (SURADF) unit root tests. According to the results of the analysis, although there is convergence in some countries, it does not confirm in general technological convergence among the countries.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2022/r/gumushane/16707
  Public Expenditures, Economic Growth and Income Inequality: Empirical Evidence from the Commonwealth of Independent States

  Recepoglu, Mursit

  This study has examined the causality relationship between public expenditures, economic growth and income inequality for transition economies called the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). In the study, in which the 1998-2019 period was analyzed, the effects of public expenditures on economic growth and income inequality were determined with the bootstrap panel causality test. Bootstrap panel causality test results show that there is a one-way causality relationship from public expenditures to economic growth for Armenia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan. On the other hand, a one-way causality relationship has been determined from public expenditures to income inequality in Belarus and Kazakhstan, and from income inequality to public expenditures in Kyrgyzstan. In Moldova and Russia, however, no causal relationship could be obtained between the variables. The overall evaluation of the findings obtained from the panel causality tests concluded that public expenditures in CIS member countries are closely related to both economic growth and income inequality. CIS member countries need state interventions in order for the market system to fully settle in transition period. However, implementing policies that do not exclude private investments and do not harm the functioning of the market economy should be elaborated during practicing public expenditure policies in these countries in transition.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2021/r/gumushane/17580
  Şgücü Verimliliği, İhracat ve Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar İlişkisi: Geçiş Ekonomileri Örneği

  Akyol, Mehmet; Mete, Emrullah

  Günümüzde kaynakların kıt olması ve teknolojik gelişmelerin herülkede gerçekleşmemesi nedeniyle verimlilik ülkeler için ekonomikgelişmeyi sağlayan önemli bir enstrüman olmuştur. Genel olarak işgücüverimliliğindeki artışın ülkeler için ihracat, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlarve ekonomik büyüme gibi makro ekonomik enstrümanları hareketegeçirdiği kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada iş gücü verimliliği ile ihracatve doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar arasındaki ilişki geçiş ekonomileri ülkeleriiçin 2005-2019 döneminde incelenmiştir. Dumitrescu ve Hurlin panelnedensellik analizinin kullanıldığı çalışmada, işgücü verimliliği ile ihracatarasında bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilemezken, işgücü verimliliğindendoğrudan yabancı yatırımlara doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespitedilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları söz konusu ülkelerde işgücü verimliliğinindoğrudan yabancı yatırımların nedeni olduğunu ifade etmektedir.

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