Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleYalnız künye2020/r/gumushane/14582
  A Neutrosophic VIKOR Method-Based Decision-Making with an Improved Distance Measure and Score Function: Case Study of Selection for Renewable Energy Alternatives

  Eroğlu, Hasan; Şahin, Ridvan

  In this study, a new score and distance function which provides more accurate results than the studies in the literature and considers the decision maker’s cognition has been proposed. In order to show the effects of the new score function coefficients on neutrosophic numbers, a new representation named “4D Plot” has been proposed. VIKOR (Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje which means multicriteria optimization and compromise solution in Serbian) method, which is based on the creation of a conciliatory solution within the framework of alternatives and evaluation criteria, provides highly effective results in multiple criteria decision-making problems. Neutrosophic numbers play an active role in facilitating the decision-making process in many studies. In this context, extension of the classical VIKOR method is introduced in detail in this study. The framework of the extended neutrosophic VIKOR method has been established. The proposed method has been applied to the renewable energy alternative selection problem in Turkey and compared with different methods and different scenarios. It has been shown that the proposed method gives more effective and accurate results. Furthermore, the sensitivity and accuracy of the study are enhanced by a sensitivity analysis. We have extended the classical VIKOR method for SVN numbers with a newly generalized score function and a distance measure. As a novel and newly presentation named “The 4D Plot” has been developed and applied in this paper to SVN numbers for presenting the effect of the new score function. The renewable energy alternative selection was made in Turkey with the proposed method by the opinions of the experts and the ranking of the alternatives was obtained. A sensitivity analysis has been made to show the accuracy and validity of the study. With the proposed distance measure and score function, it is shown that more accurate results can be found in multiple criteria decision-making problems. The model will provide solutions for many soft computing problems such as engineering and economy by finding more effective and accurate results in the neutrosophic number space according to the preference of decision makers. As a future work, the presented functions and framework can be adapted to different MCDM problems.

  İncele
• MakaleAçık Erişim2018/r/gumushane/18305
  Güneş Enerji Santralleri İçin Uygunluk Haritasının Elde Edilmesi: Bir Uygulama

  Eroğlu, Hasan

  Günümüzde güneş enerjisi, hayatımızın en önemli ve kaçınılmaz bir parçası haline gelen yenilenebilirenerji kaynaklarından (YEK) biridir. Her geçen gün dünya üzerindeki güneş enerji santrali (GES) sayısı katlanarakartmaktadır. Uygulama sayısı artan bu santrallerin çevresel, ekonomik ve sosyal açıdan en uygun yer tayinlerininyapılması oldukça büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bazı durumlarda santral kurulum yerini etkileyen bir önemli kriterinbile göz ardı edilmesi oldukça büyük zararlara neden olabilmektedir.Bu çalışmanın amacı, literatürdeki çalışmalarda eksikliği tespit edilen ve GES kurulumunu etkileyen kriterlerinönerilmesi, GES kurulumunu etkileyen tüm kriterlerin birbirlerine göre önem derecelendirme değerlerininbulunması ve kriterlere ait örnek bir çalışma alanında coğrafi veriler yardımıyla GES için uygunluk haritasının eldeedilmesidir. Kriterlerin ağırlık değerlerinin bulunmasında Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Yöntemi (FAHP), verilerinişlenmesinde de coğrafi bilgi sistemleri kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla 14 ana kriter ve bu kriterlere ait 70 alt kriterkonuyla ilgili uzman görüşleri, anketler ve literatürdeki çalışmalardan yararlanılarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanınsonunda, çalışma alanında GES’ler için en uygun, uygun ve izin verilmeyen yerlerin gösterildiği uygunluk haritasıelde edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, GES’lerin yer tespitinde daha doğru, çevresel, ekonomik ve sosyal GES santralikurulumunu netice veren geniş yelpazedeki kriterlerle araştırmacılara faydalı olacaktır.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2018/r/gumushane/12996
  Solving power transmission line routing problem using improved genetic and artificial bee colony algorithms

  Eroğlu, Hasan; Aydin, Musa

  In engineering studies, finding the best route from a start point to an end point on pixel-based weighted maps is a big problem for researchers. For this problem many methods and algorithms have been developed until now. The “cost distance” (CD) and “cost path” (CP) tools that are used by a modified Dijkstra’s algorithm and used by Environmental Systems Research Institute’s (ESRI) ArcGIS Desktop 10 software are very fast and most preferred solutions for route optimization problems. Despite the advantages of these tools, they have the disadvantage of making a lot of curves with big angles. Especially in some engineering studies like power transmission lines’ routing, the angle of the curves of the lines should not have big values. For overcoming this problem both genetic algorithm (GA) and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm that have been improved and adapted for the problem were used as powerful optimizers to find the best routes with fewer curves in those kinds of optimum route problems. New functions like smart direction sensing and improved random functions were developed for application of GA and ABC algorithms in power transmission lines routing studies. This study showed that the ABC algorithm’s performance is better than GA. The accuracy of the algorithms was proven by comparing the results with the CD–CP tools’ results. The experimental results showed that the improved algorithms gave better performance than Dijkstra’s algorithm.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2017/r/gumushane/18487
  Mide Kanserli Olguların Geriye Dönük İncelenmesi

  Eken, Hüseyin; Pülat, Hüseyin; Çağlar, Kazım; Eroğlu, Hasan; Zihni, Ismail; Karaköse, Oktay

  Amaç: Mide kanseri Avrupa’da kadınlarda ve erkeklerde görülme sıklığıaçısından beşinci sırada yer almaktadır. Erkek kadın oranı ise 1.6:1 olarakbelirlenmiştir. Mide kanseri, kansere bağlı ölümlerde ülkemizde erkeklerdeikinci, kadınlarda ise üçüncü sırada yer almaktadır. Mide kanserinin prognozugenellikle kötüdür. Bunun sebebi de tanıda gecikme ve tanı konan olgularınileri evrede olmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi GenelCerrahi Anabilim Dalı 1995 -2009 yılları arasında mide kanseri tanısı ilecerrahi işlem yapılan 204 olgu geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Bu olgulardan131’ine küratif cerrahi rezeksiyon yapıldığı belirlendi. Olguların %80’i lokalileri evre olgulardı (evre IIIa, IIIb ve IV). Olguların yaş, cinsiyet, başvurusemptomları, tümör lokalizasyonu, T, N, M, evre, tümör diferansiyasyonu,histolojik tipleri, tümör çapı, vasküler ve perinöral invazyon varlığı, yapılancerrahi işlem, rezeksiyon tipi, diseksiyon tipi, diseke edilen toplam lenf nodusayısı, metastatik lenf nodu varlığı, metastatik lenf nodu sayısı ve toplam lenfnodu sayısına oranı, komplikasyonlar, cerrahi mortalite, adjuvan kemoterapi,adjuvan radyoterapi ve diğer adjuvan tedavileri ve sağkalım süreleribelirlendi. Bu verilerin sağkalım üzerine etkileri lojistik regresyon analizi iledeğerlendirildi. Sağkalım açısından 3 ve 5 yıllık sağkalım eğrileri Kaplan-Meieryöntemiyle çıkarıldıBulgular: Küratif rezeksiyon ve diseksiyon yapılan 131 olguda morbidite%15.2, mortalite ise %7.6 idi. Evre ve metastatik lenf nodlarının toplam lenfnodu sayısına oranı sağkalım üzerinde en önemli faktörler olarak bulundu(p<0.05). Evrelere göre sağkalımda 5 yıllık sağkalım oranlarının evre Ia için%79.1, Ib için %78.3, II için %61.8, IIIa için %46, IIIb için %24.8 ve IV için %25.8olduğu görüldü.Sonuç: Sonuç olarak olgularımızın çoğunun lokal ileri evre olgular olmasınakarşın yapılan radikal cerrahi işlemlerden fayda gördüğü ve sağkalımoranlarının bu anlamda olumlu olduğunu söylemek mümkündür.

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  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2017/r/gumushane/12959
  Selection application of material to be used in hip prosthesis production with analytic hierarchy process: Anwendungsselektion des zu verwendenden Materials in der Hüftprothesenproduktion mit dem analytischen Hierarchieverfahren

  Çelik, İ.; Eroğlu, H.

  Metallic biomaterials used in making hip prosthesis are required to meet expectations in terms of fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, cost and biocompatibility. It is also desirable that the modulus of elasticity they possess is close to the level of the possible bone. Metallic biomaterials face the problem of ion release even though they meet the criteria mentioned above. As a result, the choice of metallic material to be preferred in the manufacture of hip prosthesis can be made by evaluating all these criteria among themselves and by the performances of biomaterials to be compared according to these criteria. In this study, firstly the criteria expected from the metals to be used as biomaterials have been determined. Expert opinions about the subject and criteria determined in accordance with the studies in the literature by using analytical hierarchy process have been graded according to each other. Afterwards, selection of the most appropriate material was ensured by making the order of importance according to the criteria of the candidate materials.

  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2015/r/gumushane/18973
  Enerji nakil hatları güzergâh tespiti ve proje çiziminin otomasyonu

  Eroğlu, Hasan; Aydin, Musa

  Geçmişten günümüze kadar sürekli artış gösteren enerji talebini karşılayabilmek için yeni Enerji nakil hatlarına (ENH) ihtiyaç vardır. Yeni ENHler için en uygun güzergâhın tespiti ve projesinin çizimi, mühendisler için oldukça zaman alan ve karmaşık bir problemdir. Literatürde ENHlerin en uygun güzergâhının tespiti için birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Ancak tüm bu işlemleri bir araya getirerek güzergâh tespitini kolaylaştıracak ve belirlenen bu güzergâhta hattın profilini çizerek projelendirmesini yapabilecek bir yazılım ihtiyacı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ENHlerin en uygun güzergâh tespitinin yapılabilmesi için Coğrafi bilgi sistemlerini (CBS) kullanan bir ara yüz tasarlanmış, belirlenen güzergâh için ENH projesinin profilini çizebilen ve diğer tüm proje işlemlerini gerçekleştirebilen bir çizim programı yazılmıştır. Ayrıca ENH projelerinin görsel olarak üç boyutlu arazi modeli ve uydu fotoğrafı üzerinde gösterimi yapılarak kullanıcıların projeyi gerçek arazi modeli üzerinde kontrol edebilmeleri sağlanmıştır.

  İncele
• MakaleYalnız künye2015/r/gumushane/15987
  AUTOMATION OF ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION LINES' ROUTE OPTIMIZATION AND PROJECT DRAWING

  Eroglu, Hasan; Aydin, Musa

  There is a need for new Energy transmission lines (ETL) in order to meet the energy demand that has been increasing from past to present. Finding the optimum route and drawing the project is a time consuming and a complex problem for engineers. There are many studies for optimization of ETL's routing in the literature. However it is seen that there is a need for an interface that will facilitate the ETL routing by bringing together all the processes for ETL routing and preparing the project of the ETL by drawing the profile of the route. In this study, an interface using the Geographical information systems (GIS) is designed for finding the optimum route of ETL's, a project drawing program that can draw the profile and make all the other project processes is written. Also, controlling the project on the real terrain model by the users is ensured by the visualization of the ETL's projects on three-dimensional terrain model and satellite image.

  İncele
• MakaleAçık Erişim2015/r/gumushane/15740
  Optimization of electrical power transmission lines' routing using AHP, fuzzy AHP, and GIS

  Eroʇlu, Hasan; Aydin, Musa

  With the increase of people's need for energy, electrical energy transmission has become a very important issue as well as electrical power generation. One of the most important problems in energy transmission is finding the best route in a very complex study area. To date, many people from different disciplines have come together to find the best routes by manual methods like using paper maps and deciding which route is the least-cost path (LCP) to the destination point. Today it is known that, in engineering problems, and especially in path-finding or site-placing problems, the Geographic Information System (GIS) is the most powerful tool. On the other hand, as finding the best route is a very complicated problem and many criteria should be considered, including slope, landslide, road/railway/pipeline crossing, ice zones, distances to roads, national parks, archaeological areas, residential areas forests, and river crossings, multicriteria decision methods like the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) should be used to make the most accurate decisions. In this study, the AHP and FAHP are used to weight criteria relevant to energy transmission line (ETL) routing. According to the criteria, digital maps of the sample study area are edited, weighted, converted to raster-based format, and gathered using the Environmental Systems Research Institute's ArcGIS Desktop 10 software. After generation of the weighted surface map, the LCP tool is used to find the best route. By selecting different start and end points in the sample study area, accuracy and performance of the best routes according to the LCP algorithm are assessed and some problems of the routes for ETL routing are presented. With this study, mistakes by manual methods will decrease in ETL routing and other routing problems.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2013/r/gumushane/13583
  Simulation of a large electric distribution system having intensive harmonics in the industrial zone of Konya

  Eroǧlu, Hasan; Aydin, Musa

  In this study, measurements were taken at difierent points of a sample distribution system in order to analyze the levels of harmonics that appear as a day-to-day increasing problem in electrical distribution systems. According to the measurement values, the dominant harmonics have been determined and an electrical model of the system has been prepared using the SimPowerSystems toolbox from MATLAB and Simulink. The accuracy of the electrical model has been verified by the measurement and simulation values. In addition, the transformer connection types' and impedances' simulations have been presented to understand and solve the harmonic problems in electrical distribution systems. With the help of this study, advanced analysis can be performed in the electrical distribution system for power quality analyses and this study can be a background for similar kinds of simulation studies.

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• BildiriYalnız künye2013/r/gumushane/13112
  Genetic algorithm in Electrical Transmission Lines path finding problems

  Eroglu, Hasan; Aydin, Musa

  Today, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) solutions have entered every corner of the engineering studies like Electrical Transmission Lines (ETL) route optimization, vehicle routing, power plant siting and so on. Raster-based maps generated by GIS are very useful solutions for this kind of route optimization problems. The weighted sum of all the data can be converted to raster-based maps and gathered consecutively in GIS for ETL route optimization. In this paper, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is applied to ETL route optimization problems in order to find the best route on raster-based maps.

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