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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/13895
  Characterization and Bioactive Properties of Exopolysaccharides from Pediococcus ethanolidurans Isolated from Kırçan (Smilax excelsa L.) Pickles

  Karatas, Seyda Merve; Genc, Berna; Tunc, Merve Tugce

  In this study, the characterization of some bioactive content of exopolysaccharide (EPS) extracted from Pediococcus ethanolidurans isolated with Smilax excelsa L. from conventionally produced pickles were investigated. Background: Although this study is the main study involving the characterization of EPS obtained from Pediococcus ethanolidurans, it is important because it has determined a natural polysaccharide that can be used in different fields in the industry. According to the obtained results, sugar analysis by GC-MS revealed that EPS consisted of glucose (7.59%), mannose (41.96%), fructose (16.98%), arabinose (3.15%) and rhamnose (30.30%). From the thermal behavior determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), it was concluded that it should not be heated close to 250 °C. At the same time, according to the thermogram obtained as a result of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, it was found to have a crystalline structure. EPS, which reached 73.844% efficiency, showed antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, while 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging activity was detected at 0.24 mM. It also has remarkable results, seen in cytotoxicity analysis against healthy HT-29 cells, demonstrating that it has proliferative activity as high as %125 In short, Pediococcus ethanolidurans was found to be a novel EPS producer with impressive properties.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024/r/gumushane/13971
  Bioethanol Production from Mulberry Molasses Waste with Ohmic-Assisted Hydrodistillation

  Tunç, Merve Tuğçe; Genç, Berna; Karataş, Şeyda Merve

  In this study, the fermentation process of bioethanol production conditions were optimized by response surface methodology. Mulberry molasses production waste was used as the only carbon source for yeast fermentation to produce bioethanol. Hydrodistillation (HD) and ohmic-assisted hydrodistillation (OAHD) methods were employed to concentrate the bioethanol. Fermentation time (48–168 h), waste matter rate (5–45%) and pH (5–7) were selected as independent variables. Alcohol concentration was treated as the response. Optimum fermentation conditions were determined as 96.894 h fermentation time, 45% waste ratio and pH 7. At these optimum conditions, alcohol concentration was determined as 3.77 ± 0.33%. While the distillate obtained in the HD method contained 22.50 ± 1.89% alcohol, it showed 27.72 ± 0.24% in the OAHD method. The energy consumption values for OAHD and HD was 2.92 ± 0.51 and 53.24 ± 1.74 Wh/mL bioethanol, respectively. Results of study showed that the OAHD could be a cost-effective and green method to distillation of bioethanol from mulberry molasses waste.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024/r/gumushane/12620
  Probiotics Safety Aspect of Functional Foods

  Oba, Sirin; Yildirim, Tugce; Karataş, Şeyda Merve

  In recent years, interest in probiotics has increased as functional foods improve quality of life and consumers become more health-conscious. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has determined that all common probiotics are safe for the general population. However, this definition does not guide the outcomes of using probiotics in people with diseases that favor them, as there are no strict regulations governing applicable trademark law and the manufacture of probiotics. For this reason, Probiotics are recognized to be beneficial for the majority of patients during treatment; however, patients with weakened immune systems may be at risk for bacteremia, endocarditis, and peritonitis. There are no necessary standards regarding safety and use protocols for probiotics. More information is needed on their use before recommending probiotics to treat or prevent disease in privileged groups. These products may be considered a public health concern by reviewing information on the use of probiotics to predict the likelihood of side effects in vulnerable groups (young children, the elderly, and pregnant women).

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024/r/gumushane/11751
  Enterococcus durans SL70, a Novel Exopolysaccharide Producer from Traditional Sourdough Fermentation of Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum)

  Genc, Berna; Karatas, Seyda Merve; Tunç, Merve Tuğçe

  Research background. Given the potential of microbial exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria in various industrial processes, alternative sources for the isolation of lactic acid bacteria are highly topical. In this study, we used a traditional sourdough from einkorn (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum) as a source of lactic acid bacteria for the isolation, identification and determination of exopolysaccharide producers. Experimental approach. The sourdough was prepared from einkorn according to the traditional method. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated and purified using the single colony technique on MRS and M17 media. The isolates were characterised using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass (MALDI-TOF) spectrometry. All isolates were analysed for extracellular polysaccharide production and one isolate was selected for purification and characterisation of its polysaccharide. Results and conclusions. The isolates were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, L. paraplantarum, L. brevis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Enterococcus faecium and E. durans. The production of exopolysaccharides by all lactic acid bacteria was evaluated and it was found that all strains (except one) were capable of producing exopolysaccharides. One polysaccharide (EPS-SL70) was purified from the isolates of E. durans SL70. This anionic heteropolysaccharide had, in addition to the carbohydrate backbone, a protein structure that did not contain nucleic acid. The carbohydrate backbone consisted of mannose, glucose, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose and galactose. Novelty and scientific contribution. The microbial flora of traditional einkorn sourdough has been identified in this study and represents the first report on the exopolysaccharide production by lactic acid bacteria in traditional einkorn sourdough. Additionally, Enterococcus durans from einkorn sourdough was identified as a new exopolysaccharide producer.

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• MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2023/r/gumushane/16806
  Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Phytochemical Activities of Rhus coriaria L. and its Phenolic Compounds and Volatile Component Analyses

  Öz, Mehmet; Baltaci, Cemalettin; Fidan, Muhammed Said; Karatas, Seyda Merve

  Volatile oil analysis, phenolic constituents, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, vitamin C, and enzyme activities of the fruits of Rhus coriaria L. were studied. The chemical with the highest percentage was sesquiterpene hydrocarbons with 40.4%. The major compound was detected as caryophyllene (36.9%). The main phenolic constituents of fruit samples were gallic acid, syringic acid, protocatechuic acid, and 4hydroxybenzoic acid. The highest phenolic constituent of fruits was gallic acid. Ferric (Ill) ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) capacity (14.9 mg FeSO4 eq./g), free radical scavenging (ABTS) capacity (68.8 mg AA eq./g), ABTS % inhibition rate (98.0%), free radical scavenging (DPPH) (53.1 mg AA eq./g), and DPPH % inhibition (79.6%) amounts were determined in antioxidant capacities of the samples. The bioactive component contents of the samples were total antioxidant amounts (TAC) (32.8 mg GA/g), total flavonoid substance amounts (TFC) (73.8 mg QE eq./g), and total phenolic substance amounts (TPC) (41.4 mg GA eq./g). The results of the antimicrobial activity analysis of R. coriaria fruit samples showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes microorganisms. The amount of vitamin C and enzyme inhibitor activity in the fruits of R. coriaria were determined as 35.5 mg/100 g and 0.07 mg/mL, respectively.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2023/r/gumushane/14489
  Phenolic Components, Mineral Composition, Physicochemical, and Bioactive Properties of Opuntia ficus-indica with Different Drying Methods

  Capar, Tugba Dursun; Dedebas, Tugba; Kavuncuoglu, Hatice; Karatas, Seyda Merve; Ekici, Lutfiye; Yalcin, Hasan

  Cactus pear fruit (Opuntia ficus-indica) have nutritional and antioxidant properties due to the presence of vitamins, fibers, minerals, and polyphenols. The present paper aims to examine the effects of drying methods (sun, oven, vacuum, and freeze) on the bioactivity and antimicrobial quality of prickly pear fruit. Total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant (DPPH) and antimicrobial activity, mineral content, phenolic compounds, and color values were investigated. The highest antioxidant activity (DPPH) and color values were observed in the freeze-dried samples, which were very close to the values for fresh samples. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the freeze-dried sample was 503.53 mg GAE/100 g. The most abundant phenolic compound was p-hydroxybenzoic acid (210 ppm) identified in fresh and freeze-dried fruit extract, which may be more effective antimicrobials than the rest. The mineral content of freeze- and vacuum-dried samples was very close to that of fresh fruit. This study indicates that freeze-drying of prickly pear fruit improved the bioactive and antimicrobial properties without leading to nutritional loss.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2023/r/gumushane/14463
  Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils from the flowers and leaves of Celtis planchoniana K.I.Chr.

  Öz, Mehmet; Ucuncu, Osman; Baltacı, Cemalettin; Said Fidan, M.; Karatas, Seyda Merve

  Most plant parts are used in traditional food and medicine. Plants are significant resources of potential phytochemicals. This study investigated the properties of essential oil, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of the flowers and leaves of the Celtis planchoniana plant. Based on the GC/MS-FID analysis of essential oils extracted from the flowers and leaves of C. planchoniana, 101 and 91 compounds were identified from their structures, respectively. Chemical classes with the highest percentage of compounds found in essential oils of plants were oil acids, with 31.51% in flowers, and aldehydes, with 32.89% in leaves. Hexadecanoic acid (29.94%) and (E)-2-hexenal (16.11%) compounds were determined as the main components in the plant’s flowers and leaves. Among the flower and leaf samples, the highest antioxidant levels were 132.77-80.10 mg AA eq./100 mL in TAC, 17.63-118.23 mg AA eq./100 mL in ABTS, 71.41-85.15 mg GA eq./100 mL in TPC, and 15.08-15.71 mg AA eq./100 mL in DPPH capacity. According to the TFC, TPC, ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP tests conducted to determine the antioxidant properties of C. planchoniana, the essential oil obtained from its leaves demonstrated more significant antioxidant properties than the essential oil obtained from its flowers. According to the antimicrobial activity analysis, the leaf and flower essential oil samples exhibited no antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms tested.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2022/r/gumushane/16350
  COMPOSITION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM FLOWERS AND LEAVES OF Pyrus elaeagnifolia Pallas IN TURKEY

  Fidan, Muhammed Said; Oz, Mehmet; Ucuncu, Osman; Baltaci, Cemalettin; Karatas, Seyda Merve

  Gumushane region in Turkey is rich in plant diversity. The flowers and leaves of Pyrus elaeagnifolia Pall. plants that will form the basis of this research were collected from the places determined. In this study; the essential oils of flowers and leaves of P. elaeagnifolia plants were obtained by hydrodistillation method in a Clevenger type device. The chemical composition of volatile oils diluted with hexane were determined by analyzing with a GC-MS/FID instrument. The quantity of antioxidant activity of the obtained essential oils was determined by total phenolic content, free radical scavenging amounts, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant content, free radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power capacity according to methods. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils was determined against 23 different microorganisms by disc diffusion method. As a result; essential oil yields in percentage are 0.44% and 0.72% in the flowers and leaves of the P. elaeagnifolia. Chemical classes with the highest percentage of compounds in essential oils of plant parts: Hydrocarbons (79.77%) and aldehydes (33.31%) were detected in the flowers and leaves of the P. elaeagnifolia. In addition, the main components found in essential oils are tricosane (36.98%-15.89%) in the flowers and leaves of the P. elaeagnifolia. The determination of antioxidant activity obtained from samples collected from plant parts was determined total phenolic substance amounts in the range of 48.57-68.32 mg GAE/100 mL, free radical scavenging amounts between 9.52-40.95 mg AA/100 mL, flavonoid substance amounts in the range of 1.34-3.95 mg QE/100 mL, total antioxidant amounts in the range of 66.93-185.10 mg AA/100 mL, free radical scavenging capacity between 23.40-81.02 mg AA/100 mL and FRAP capacity in the range of 4.20-10.50 mg FeSO4/100 mL. According to the results obtained with total phenolic content, free radical scavenging amounts, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant content, free radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power capacity was determined the highest antioxidant properties in leaves of P. elaeagnifolia. According to the results of the antimicrobial activities analysis obtained from the collected samples of plant parts, it was determined that only the flowers of P. elaeagnifolia show antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms used.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2022/r/gumushane/12838
  Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Colchicum speciosum Steven growing in Türkiye

  Baltacı, Cemalettin; Öz, Mehmet; Fidan, Muhammed Said; Üçüncü, Osman; Karataş, Şeyda Merve

  In the current study, the chemical constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the volatile oil obtained from flowers and stems of C. speciosum growing in Türkiye were investigated. Both volatile oils were extracted through the hydrodistillation method in a Clevenger apparatus followed by the GC-MS analysis. The volatile oil yield attained from flowers and stems parts were determined as 0.62% and 0.65%, respectively. The most abundant compounds were determined in the flowers. Tricosane, octadecanal and hexadecanoic acid were identified to be the major components. Tricosane (38.28%) was defined to be the major component in flowers. 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde, tricosane and hexadecanoic acid were found to be the main compounds in the volatile oil of stems. 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde (46.49%) was found to be the main constituents in stems. According to the results antioxidant activity was attained as total antioxidant substance amount (86.77 mg AA/100 mL), total phenolic substance amount (65.64 mg GA/100 mL), total flavonoid substance amount (3.92 mg QE/100 mL), ferric (III) ion reducing antioxidant power capacity (6.88 mg FeSO4/100 mL) and free radical scavenging capacity (ABTS) (50.67 mg AA/100 mL) were obtained the highest antioxidant properties were obtained in flowers of C. speciosum. C. speciosum volatile oils had antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus in the flowers and had no activity against bacteria and yeast-mould in the stems.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2021/r/gumushane/14735
  Determination of the Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Different Parts of Rosa canina L. and Rosa pimpinellifolia L. Essential Oils

  Öz, Mehmet; Deniz, Ilhan; Okan, Onur Tolga; Baltaci, Cemalettin; Karatas, Seyda Merve

  Today, the use of essential oils is increasing day by day, and it is considered as raw materials in many industries. Therefore, this study aims to identify the essential oil profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Rosa canina L. and Rosa pimpinellifolia L. reveal their potential use in the industry. Essential oils that were obtained in 2013-2014 from different parts (flower, leaf, stem, and fruit) of Rosa canina L. and Rosa pimpinellifolia L. by the hydro-distillation method were analyzed by GC/MS. The dominant components in Rosa canina L. were found as trans-geraniol in the flowers (42.08 % for 2013), linalool in the leaves (11.55 % for 2014), and stem (14.91 % for 2013) and vitispirane in the fruits (37.19 % for 2014). The dominant components in R. pimpinellifolia L. were found as heneicosane in the flowers (22.07 % for 2014), γ-elemene in the leaves (30.21 % for 2013), linalool in the stem (14.76 % for 2013) and the fruits, (E)-2-hexenal for those collected in 2013 (14.09 %). The IC50 and FRAP values of the samples ranged from 127.54 to 142.22 μg/g and 121.43 to 296.78 μmol TE/g, respectively. According to the results obtained, both R. canina L. and R. pimpinellifolia L. were found to show poor antioxidant values of DPPH and FRAP. In general, it was determined that the essential oils obtained from different plant parts of both species had a moderate antimicrobial effect against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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