Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/10638
  Chemical profiling, biological evaluation, and QSAR-informed metabolite prioritization of Hypericum ekerii: a first report on antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, and cytotoxic activities

  Zengin, Gokhan; Yagi, Sakina; Cetiz, Mehmet Veysi; Uba, Abdullahi Ibrahim; Nikolic, Filip; Gasic, Uros; Balos, Mehmet Maruf; Erharman, Ahmet; Dogan, Nurettin; Koyuncu, Ismail

  Hypericum ekerii Y & uuml;ce and Ayta & ccedil;, first described in 2017, remains poorly characterized in terms of its phytochemical composition and biological properties. This study investigated aerial-part extracts of H. ekerii prepared with ethyl acetate, acetone, 70% acetone-water, and water. The hydroacetone extract showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents. LC/MS analysis enabled the annotation of 99 constituents, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, xanthones, anthraquinones, and acylphloroglucinols. The hydroacetone extract exhibited the strongest radical-scavenging and reducing activities, whereas acetone and ethyl acetate extracts showed the highest metal-chelating capacity. In enzyme assays, hydroacetone was the most active extract against acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and hCA II, while ethyl acetate showed greater inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase and hCA I. The aqueous extract was the most active against alpha-glucosidase, and hydroacetone and ethyl acetate showed comparable alpha-amylase inhibition. Cytotoxicity remained limited overall; the lowest IC50 value was observed for the ethyl acetate extract against HCT-116 cells (95.09 & micro;g mL-1), with weak selectivity (SI = 1.2). A QSAR-informed prioritization framework identified myricetin as the leading cross-layer candidate, p-coumaric acid as a target-specific priority metabolite, and ellagic acid, quercetin, and caffeic acid as antioxidant-priority candidates. Molecular docking supported favorable binding profiles for selected metabolites, while molecular dynamics simulations were used to assess the stability of representative complexes. Overall, H. ekerii appears to be a chemically diverse species with notable antioxidant and enzyme-inhibitory potential, providing a focused basis for future compound-level validation.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/10479
  Beyond the fruit: phenolic composition, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and multi-enzyme inhibitory activity of twig and leaf extracts from four understudied Turkish Rosa species

  Salehi, Hajar; Terzic, Milena; Ak, Gunes; Zengin, Gokhan; Swiatek, Lukasz; Salwa, Kinga; Yapici, Ismail; Gulcin, Ilhami; Yildiztugay, Evren; Lucini, Luigi

  The phytochemical profile and multi-target bioactivity of four Turkish Rosa species, R. canina, R. hemisphaerica, R. horrida, and R. pulverulenta, were evaluated across vegetative organs (twigs and leaves) and three solvent polarities (ethyl acetate (EA), methanol (MeOH), water), in total 24 extracts. Untargeted Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) metabolomics, along with total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content, six antioxidant assays and inhibition of seven enzymes were determined. Twig EA extracts displayed unexpectedly high TPC (83-105 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g) and TFC (35-47 mg rutin equivalent (RE) per g), indicative of selective aglycone flavonoid enrichment. The phenolic profiles identified 337 putative compounds, of which 60.84% belonged to the flavonoid class. The semi-quantitative analysis also indicates that methanol and water extracts had higher quantities of glycosylated flavonoids and phenolic acids, while EA extracts were richer in lignans, especially R. horrida-leaf-EA (1743.25 & micro;g SE per g DW), and polyphenols. In enzyme inhibition assays, EA extracts demonstrated consistent multi-target activity: AChE inhibition (up to 2.49 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE) per g), BChE inhibition (up to 4.44 mg GALAE per g), tyrosinase inhibition (up to 63.58 mg kojic acid equivalent (KAE) per g), alpha-amylase inhibition (up to 0.72 mmol acarbose equivalent ACAE per g), and carbonic anhydrase inhibition (CA I IC50 as low as 12.17 & micro;g mL-1). The R. hemisphaerica-twig-EA extract showed highly selective cytotoxic activity against A375 cells, with a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 3.22 & micro;g mL-1 and an SI of 73.95, compared to VERO cells. This is the first report of carbonic anhydrase inhibition, BChE-selective activity, cytotoxicity, and comprehensive enzyme-inhibitory data for R. hemisphaerica, R. horrida, and R. pulverulenta. These findings reframe the phytopharmacological potential of Turkish Rosa species beyond their traditionally studied fruit.

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• MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2026/r/gumushane/13551
  Boric acid-activated carbon derived from Scots pine sawdust for phenol removal: adsorption mechanism, linear and nonlinear kinetic and isotherm modeling, and artificial neural network prediction

  Ozdes, Duygu; Turfan, Fatma Asya; Seker, Serdal; Kavgaci, Gonca; Onal, Yunus

  In this study, a sustainable activated carbon was successfully prepared from Scots pine sawdust via boric acid activation (H3BO3-AC-SPS) and evaluated for phenol adsorption from aqueous solutions. The physicochemical characteristics of the adsorbent were investigated using FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD, and BET analyses, while the effects of solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial phenol concentration, temperature, ionic strength, and reusability without regeneration on the adsorption performance were systematically examined. H3BO3-AC-SPS exhibited excellent adsorption performance over a wide pH range (5–8), showed good tolerance to coexisting inorganic ions and organic contaminants, and retained appreciable adsorption efficiency over five consecutive adsorption cycles without regeneration. Phenol uptake increased with temperature, and NaOH enabled partial desorption of phenol. The adsorption kinetics and equilibrium data were analyzed using both linear and nonlinear regression approaches and comparatively evaluated based on the coefficient of determination (R2), sum of squared errors (SSE), and root mean square error (RMSE). The pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm exhibited the best predictive performance, with the Langmuir model estimating a maximum adsorption capacity of 65.4 mg g−1. The adsorption mechanism may involve π–π interactions, hydrogen bonding, pore filling, and hydrophobic interactions. In addition, an artificial neural network (ANN) model accurately predicted the adsorption behavior, yielding a high correlation coefficient (R = 0.9789). The applicability of H3BO3-AC-SPS was further demonstrated in stream water and mining wastewater. These findings demonstrate that boric acid activation is an effective strategy for converting Scots pine sawdust into a high-performance adsorbent and that integrating linear and nonlinear adsorption modeling with statistical error analysis provides a reliable framework for interpreting adsorption behavior. This journal is

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