<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-10-23T13:46:56Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:gumushane-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net:gumushane/19401" metadataPrefix="oai_dc">https://gumushane-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:gumushane-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net:gumushane/19401</identifier><datestamp>2026-10-22T11:39:32Z</datestamp><setSpec>openaire</setSpec><setSpec>driver</setSpec><setSpec>com_gumushane_10000</setSpec><setSpec>col_gumushane_10001</setSpec></header><metadata><oai_dc:dc xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"><dc:title>Avoidance of Volunteering in Disasters Scale:   A Scale Development and Validity Study (Methodological Study)</dc:title><dc:creator>Öztürk, Serkan</dc:creator><dc:creator>Demirbilek, Ömer</dc:creator><dc:subject>Sosyal Çalışma</dc:subject><dc:description>Objective: Volunteers are a critical resource in disaster  preparedness and response. This study aims to develop a valid and re liable measurement tool that can assess the reasons behind university  students’ reluctance to volunteer in disaster situation. Material and  Methods: The study was conducted using an exploratory sequential  mixed method design. As a result of the thematic analysis of the semi structured interviews, seven themes were identified, and 81 items were  formed. The items whose content validity was evaluated with the Law she technique were reduced to 64 and tested in a pilot study and nec essary adjustments were made. The final scale was applied to a sample  group of 731 people who met certain criteria. The data were analyzed  using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 24.0 programs. Results: The scale was  found suitable for factor analysis according to Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin  (&gt;0.60) and Bartlett’s test (p&lt;0.05) results. As a result of exploratory  factor analysis, 32 items with low factor loadings (&lt;0.33) and over lapping content were eliminated; confirmatory factor analysis con firmed the structure of the scale consisting of 6 factors and 31 items.  The fit indices (χ²/df=3.069, Comparative Fit Index=0.933, Goodness  of Fit Index=0.893, Incremental Fit Index=0.933, Tucker-Lewis  Index=0.925, root mean square error of approximation=0.053) were  found to be acceptable. The Cronbach alpha value of the scale was  0.92 in total and ranged between 0.75 and 0.93 for the sub-dimensions.  Conclusion: The developed scale stands out as a valid and reliable  tool for assessing university students’ reluctance towards disaster vol unteering.</dc:description><dc:date>2026</dc:date><dc:type>Article</dc:type><dc:identifier>https://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/gumushane/19401</dc:identifier><dc:identifier>https://doi.org/10.5336/healthsci.2025-113596</dc:identifier><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:relation>Türkiye Klinikleri Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi</dc:relation><dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights><dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type><dc:identifier>https://gumushane-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/tr/items/gumushane/19401</dc:identifier></oai_dc:dc></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>