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International diplomacy before the ottoman russian war (1877-1878) and sultan abdulaziz's deathCalap, AdilTopal, CoşkunTarihExpelled from Italy and Germany 1860’s, Austuria turned to the Ottoman Empire to find compensation for her losses. Towards 1870’s the competition among the big Powers was intensifying. Because, the Crimean War of 1853–56 and the Italian War of 1859 shattered the traditional relations of the European balance of power. From 1871 onwards German Empire as a great power appeared to help restructure the European balance of power. The emergence of Germany as a candidate to a great power and its political alignments with Austuria and Russia triggered a process that eventually culminated in the disintegration of the European nations into an unstable balance-of- power system across the European continent. This disntegration began speeding up with the Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-78. The disntegration continued up to World War I. Due to a weakened France by Germany in the war of 1870, England was fearful before the growing power of Germany at the center of Europe. Although Germany, Austuria and Russia formed an alliance in 1872, Austuria’s aspiration in the Balkans were directly opposed to those of Russia. Like Russia, Austuria considered herself a natural heiress of European Ottomans. England and France did not wish Germany, Austuria and Russia preponderating in the Ottoman Empire. However, as tensions between Christians and Muslims in Bosnia and Herzegovina began to come to a head, Count Gyula Andrássy of Austria-Hungary began to feel the need for reforms in the Balkans, and so on December 30, 1875, Austria-Hungary, Russia, and Germany proposed the Andrássy Note. England declined to favour the Andrassy Notes. England’s objection to Andrassy note encouraged the Ottoman State to try to counteract joint action of the Powers. Then The triple Alliance made some amendments to the Andrassy Notes and issued it as Berlin Memorandum. Once again England refused it and put pressure over The Ottoman to follow her suit. England wanted to play a leading role in interfering with Ottoman’s domestic affairs. But Sultan Abdulaziz was hesitant to accept England’s imposition. Russia was willing to act in commonn with other Powers, in order to take the lead in their activities. To counteract their plans England strove to increase her prestige and influence within the executive power structure of the Ottoman State, and separate her from Russia and other rivals. In 1876, in the night between 29 and 30 May Abdulaziz was forced to abdicate in favor of Murad V, and arrested in Capa Tope, where he was found dead four days later. Subsequently the Berlin Memorandum was witheld from handing over to the Ottoman Palace. The disqualification of Berlin Memorandum paved the path for England to organize an international conference at her disposal. Whether it was a suicide or a murder has remained unknown since then. But the consequence of his death was a disaster for the Ottoman State in the coming months. England profited from this discord to keep the Ottoman isolated and separated from other Powers, as she herself established cordial relations with Russia and her other rival Powers. By this policy, England believed that they would succeed in pushing the Ottomans from Balkans with a war waged by Russia against The Ottoman Empire, solving the Eastern Question to her advantage.2018Articlehttps://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/gumushane/18404https://doi.org/10.7827/turkishstudies.13691trTurkish Studies (Elektronik)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://gumushane-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/tr/items/gumushane/18404