<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-10-23T17:02:26Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:gumushane-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net:gumushane/13202" metadataPrefix="oai_dc">https://gumushane-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:gumushane-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net:gumushane/13202</identifier><datestamp>2026-10-22T11:36:03Z</datestamp><setSpec>openaire</setSpec><setSpec>driver</setSpec><setSpec>com_gumushane_10000</setSpec><setSpec>col_gumushane_10001</setSpec><setSpec>com_gumushane_10010</setSpec><setSpec>col_gumushane_10175</setSpec></header><metadata><oai_dc:dc xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"><dc:title>Testing for causality between the foreign direct investment, current account deficit, GDP and total credit: Evidence from G7</dc:title><dc:creator>Akbas, Yusuf Ekrem</dc:creator><dc:creator>Senturk, Mehmet</dc:creator><dc:creator>Sancar, Canan</dc:creator><dc:subject>Credit</dc:subject><dc:subject>Current account deficit</dc:subject><dc:subject>Foreign direct investment</dc:subject><dc:subject>G7</dc:subject><dc:subject>GDP</dc:subject><dc:subject>Panel co-integration and causality</dc:subject><dc:description>In this study, countries were analyzed between 1990 and 2011 in order to determine whether a causal relationship exists among current account deficit, GDP, foreign direct investment, and total credits of G7. Analysis took into account the cross-sectional dependence and was applied to test the causality among the variables form the panel. Firstly, panel unit root tests were used for determining stationary of variables. As a result of the panel unit root tests, it was found that GDP and foreign direct investment have a stationary structure and that total credits and current account deficit contain unit root. In order to see whether there is a long-term relationship among the variables or not, the panel co-integration test was used. As a result of the test, it was concluded that there is a co-integration relationship among the series. The possibility of a causal relationship was analyzed among the variables using the causality test developed by Elena Ivona Dumitrescu and Christophe Hurlin (2012). Results of the analysis showed a unidirectional causal relationship from current account deficit and foreign direct investment to GDP. Bidirectional causality was found between current account deficit and total credits. Finally, a unidirectional relationship was found from foreign direct investment to current account deficit and total credits.</dc:description><dc:publisher>SAVEZ EKONOMISTA VOJVODINE</dc:publisher><dc:date>2013</dc:date><dc:type>Article</dc:type><dc:identifier>https://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/gumushane/13202</dc:identifier><dc:identifier>https://doi.org/10.2298/pan1306791a</dc:identifier><dc:identifier>1452-595X</dc:identifier><dc:language>en</dc:language><dc:relation>Panoeconomicus</dc:relation><dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights><dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type><dc:identifier>https://gumushane-rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/tr/items/gumushane/13202</dc:identifier></oai_dc:dc></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>